Medium severity · published Sep 16, 2026
CVE-2026-61709
OpenFGA: ListUsers returns a deliberately-excluded user (authorization-decision over-inclusion) when a `but not` exclusion under a type-bound wildcard is intersected (`and`) with another relation that also grants that user
5.3
CVSS
0.4%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
OpenFGA is an authorization and permission engine built for developers. Prior to 1.18.1, the ListUsers API could return a user that should have been excluded when an authorization relation used an intersection containing a base but not excluded operand, the base was granted through a type-bound public wildcard, and the excluded user also had a concrete tuple through another intersection operand. In pkg/server/commands/listusers/list_users_rpc.go, expandIntersection counted the concrete tuple and wildcard without first rejecting entries in excludedUsersMap. Applications that used ListUsers to enumerate or enforce access could therefore treat an excluded user as authorized. This issue is fixed in version 1.18.1.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.4% · higher than 29% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
OP
openfga · openfga
< 1.18.1 · source: vendor
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61709
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-61709
github.com
https://github.com/openfga/openfga/commit/171806c93b86bca29e0212ceb8b6ee9c48eb9ac3
github.com
https://github.com/openfga/openfga/releases/tag/v1.18.1
github.com
https://github.com/openfga/openfga/security/advisories/GHSA-g3pg-frfm-pr2m
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