In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: quota: Fix race of dquot_scan_active() with quota deactivation dquot_scan_active() can race with quota deactivation in quota_release_workfn() like: CPU0 (quota_release_workfn) CPU1 (dquot_scan_active) ============================== ============================== spin_lock(&dq_list_lock); list_replace_init( &releasing_dquots, &rls_head); /* dquot X on rls_head, dq_count == 0, DQ_ACTIVE_B still set */ spin_unlock(&dq_list_lock); synchronize_srcu(&dquot_srcu); spin_lock(&dq_list_lock); list_for_each_entry(dquot, &inuse_list, dq_inuse) { /* finds dquot X */ dquot_active(X) -> true atomic_inc(&X->dq_count); } spin_unlock(&dq_list_lock); spin_lock(&dq_list_lock); dquot = list_first_entry(&rls_head); WARN_ON_ONCE(atomic_read(&dquot->dq_count)); The problem is not only a cosmetic one as under memory pressure the caller of dquot_scan_active() can end up working on freed dquot. Fix the problem by making sure the dquot is removed from releasing list when we acquire a reference to it.