High severity · published Aug 19, 2026
CVE-2026-49419
Jail reference count underflow
8.8
CVSS
0.5%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
When the JAIL_AT_DESC flag is specified, kern_jail_set() and kern_jail_get() released the reference to the caller's current prison before looking up the jail descriptor. If the descriptor lookup failed, error-handling paths released the same reference a second time.
An unprivileged local user can trigger a prison reference count underflow, which may cause the prison structure to be freed while still in use. When this is done on the jail host, the bug will generally result in an immediate panic. However, if the user is running in a jail, then it may be possible to exploit the bug to elevate privileges.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.5% · higher than 40% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
FR
FreeBSD · FreeBSD
15.1-RELEASE before p1; 15.0-RELEASE before p11 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49419
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-49419
Vendor Advisory
https://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-26:38.jail.asc
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