Critical severity · published Apr 17, 2026
CVE-2026-40478
Improper neutralization of specific syntax patterns for unauthorized expressions in Thymeleaf
9.0
CVSS
1.1%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
Thymeleaf is a server-side Java template engine for web and standalone environments. Versions 3.1.3.RELEASE and prior contain a security bypass vulnerability in the the expression execution mechanisms. Although the library provides mechanisms to prevent expression injection, it fails to properly neutralize specific syntax patterns that allow for the execution of unauthorized expressions. If an application developer passes unvalidated user input directly to the template engine, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the library's protections to achieve Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI). This issue has ben fixed in version 3.1.4.RELEASE.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Scope
Changed
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)1.1% · higher than 66% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
OR
org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring5 · thymeleaf
< 3.1.4.RELEASE · source: vendor
OR
org.thymeleaf:thymeleaf-spring6 · thymeleaf
< 3.1.4.RELEASE · source: vendor
TH
thymeleaf · thymeleaf
< 3.1.4.RELEASE · source: vendor, NVD
RH
Red Hat Fuse 7 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat OpenShift Dev Spaces 3.28 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA