Critical severity · published Mar 19, 2026
CVE-2026-3849
Buffer Overflow in HPKE via Oversized ECH Config
9.8
CVSS
0.5%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
Stack Buffer Overflow in wc_HpkeLabeledExtract via Oversized ECH Config. A vulnerability existed in wolfSSL 5.8.4 ECH (Encrypted Client Hello) support, where a maliciously crafted ECH config could cause a stack buffer overflow on the client side, leading to potential remote execution and client program crash. This could be exploited by a malicious TLS server supporting ECH. Note that ECH is off by default, and is only enabled with enable-ech.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.5% · higher than 39% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
WO
wolfSSL · wolfSSL Inc.
v5.6.0-stable through v5.8.4-stable · source: vendor, NVD