High severity · published Mar 27, 2026
CVE-2026-33895
Forge has signature forgery in Ed25519 due to missing S > L check
7.5
CVSS
0.5%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
Forge (also called `node-forge`) is a native implementation of Transport Layer Security in JavaScript. Prior to version 1.4.0, Ed25519 signature verification accepts forged non-canonical signatures where the scalar S is not reduced modulo the group order (`S >= L`). A valid signature and its `S + L` variant both verify in forge, while Node.js `crypto.verify` (OpenSSL-backed) rejects the `S + L` variant, as defined by the specification. This class of signature malleability has been exploited in practice to bypass authentication and authorization logic (see CVE-2026-25793, CVE-2022-35961). Applications relying on signature uniqueness (i.e., dedup by signature bytes, replay tracking, signed-object canonicalization checks) may be bypassed. Version 1.4.0 patches the issue.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
High
Availability
None
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.5% · higher than 44% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
FO
forge · digitalbazaar
< 1.4.0 · source: vendor, NVD
CO
Cluster Observability Operator 1.5.0 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
LS
Logging Subsystem for Red Hat OpenShift · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 8 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Ansible Automation Platform 2.5 for RHEL 9 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Build of Podman Desktop · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Data Grid 8 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Developer Hub 1.8 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Developer Hub 1.9 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Fuse 7 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat Quay 3 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
RH
Red Hat build of Apicurio Registry 2 · Red Hat
All versions, or not specified · source: CISA
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33895
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-33895
Third Party Advisory
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8032#section-8.4
Patch
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/commit/bdecf11571c9f1a487cc0fe72fe78ff6dfa96b85
Vendor Advisory
https://github.com/digitalbazaar/forge/security/advisories/GHSA-q67f-28xg-22rw
access.redhat.com
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:13826
access.redhat.com
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:24761
access.redhat.com
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:34342
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