Medium severity · published Mar 11, 2026
CVE-2026-31875
Parse Server MFA recovery codes not consumed after use
5.9
CVSS
0.5%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
Parse Server is an open source backend that can be deployed to any infrastructure that can run Node.js. Prior to 9.6.0-alpha.7 and 8.6.33, when multi-factor authentication (MFA) via TOTP is enabled for a user account, Parse Server generates two single-use recovery codes. These codes are intended as a fallback when the user cannot provide a TOTP token. However, recovery codes are not consumed after use, allowing the same recovery code to be used an unlimited number of times. This defeats the single-use design of recovery codes and weakens the security of MFA-protected accounts. An attacker who obtains a single recovery code can repeatedly authenticate as the affected user without the code ever being invalidated. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.6.0-alpha.7 and 8.6.33.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
None
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.5% · higher than 41% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
PA
parse-server · parse-community
>= 9.0.0 < 9.6.0-alpha.7; < 8.6.33 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-31875
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-31875
Product
https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/8.6.33
Product
https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/releases/tag/9.6.0-alpha.7
Patch
https://github.com/parse-community/parse-server/security/advisories/GHSA-4hf6-3x24-c9m8
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