Critical severity · published Jan 13, 2026
CVE-2026-22686
Sandbox Escape via Host Error Prototype Chain in enclave-vm
10.0
CVSS
0.8%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
Enclave is a secure JavaScript sandbox designed for safe AI agent code execution. Prior to 2.7.0, there is a critical sandbox escape vulnerability in enclave-vm that allows untrusted, sandboxed JavaScript code to execute arbitrary code in the host Node.js runtime. When a tool invocation fails, enclave-vm exposes a host-side Error object to sandboxed code. This Error object retains its host realm prototype chain, which can be traversed to reach the host Function constructor. An attacker can intentionally trigger a host error, then climb the prototype chain. Using the host Function constructor, arbitrary JavaScript can be compiled and executed in the host context, fully bypassing the sandbox and granting access to sensitive resources such as process.env, filesystem, and network. This breaks enclave-vm’s core security guarantee of isolating untrusted code. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.0.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Scope
Changed
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.8% · higher than 55% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
EN
enclave · agentfront
< 2.7.0 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-22686
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-22686
Patch
https://github.com/agentfront/enclave/commit/ed8bc438b2cd6e6f0b5f2de321e5be6f0169b5a1
Exploit
https://github.com/agentfront/enclave/security/advisories/GHSA-7qm7-455j-5p63
More from enclave
10.0
CVE-2026-27597
@enclave-vm/core is vulnerable to Sandbox Escape
8.8
CVE-2026-25533
Enclave has a sandbox escape via infinite recursion and error objects
