Medium severity · published Sep 22, 2026
CVE-2026-18439
Tutor LMS <= 4.0.7 - Authenticated (Custom+) Insecure Direct Object Reference to Arbitrary Quiz Question/Answer Modification and Deletion via 'payload' Parameter
4.3
CVSS
0.4%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
The Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Insecure Direct Object Reference in versions up to, and including, 4.0.7 via the tutor_quiz_builder_save AJAX action due to missing validation that nested question_id, answer_id, deleted_question_ids[], and deleted_answer_ids[] values in the submitted payload belong to a quiz/topic/course the requester is authorized to manage. The handler only validates the top-level course_id, topic_id, and (when supplied) payload['ID'], but the nested identifiers are passed straight into $wpdb->update/DELETE statements in QuizBuilder::save_questions(), QuizBuilder::save_question_answers(), and QuizBuilder::handle_delete(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Instructor-level access and above, to overwrite the content and re-parent arbitrary quiz questions/answers belonging to other instructors or administrators, and to delete arbitrary quiz question and answer rows.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.4% · higher than 38% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
TL
Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution · themeum
through 4.0.7 · source: vendor
Affected product
TL
Tutor LMS – eLearning and online course solution
themeum
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-18439
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-18439
plugins.trac.wordpress.org
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156
plugins.trac.wordpress.org
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L291
plugins.trac.wordpress.org
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L423
plugins.trac.wordpress.org
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L430
plugins.trac.wordpress.org
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/3.9.10/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L781
plugins.trac.wordpress.org
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tutor/tags/4.0.3/classes/QuizBuilder.php#L156
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