High severity · published Dec 29, 2025
CVE-2025-69211
Nest has a Fastify URL Encoding Middleware Bypass (TOCTOU)
7.4
CVSS
0.4%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
Nest is a framework for building scalable Node.js server-side applications. Versions prior to 11.1.11 have a Fastify URL encoding middleware bypass. A NestJS application is vulnerable if it uses `@nestjs/platform-fastify`; relies on `NestMiddleware` (via `MiddlewareConsumer`) for security checks (authentication, authorization, etc.), or through `app.use()`; and applies middleware to specific routes using string paths or controllers (e.g., `.forRoutes('admin')`). Exploitation can result in unauthenticated users accessing protected routes, restricted administrative endpoints becoming accessible to lower-privileged users, and/or middleware performing sanitization or validation being skipped. This issue is patched in `@nestjs/platform-fastify@11.1.11`.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
None
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.4% · higher than 32% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
NE
nest · nestjs
< 11.1.11 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69211
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-69211
Patch
https://github.com/nestjs/nest/commit/c4cedda15a05aafec1e6045b36b0335ab850e771
Exploit
https://github.com/nestjs/nest/security/advisories/GHSA-8wpr-639p-ccrj
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