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Critical severity · published Dec 2, 2025
CVE-2025-66409
ESF-IDF has an Out-of-Bounds Read in ESP32 Bluetooth AVRCP Command Handling
9.1
CVSS
0.6%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and earlier, when AVRCP is enabled on ESP32, receiving a malformed VENDOR DEPENDENT command from a peer device can cause the Bluetooth stack to access memory before validating the command buffer length. This may lead to an out-of-bounds read, potentially exposing unintended memory content or causing unexpected behavior.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.6% · higher than 50% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
ES
esp-idf · espressif
>= 5.5-beta1, <= 5.5.1; >= 5.4-beta1, <= 5.4.3; >= 5.3-beta1, <= 5.3.4; >= 5.2-beta1, <= 5.2.6; <= 5.1.6 · source: vendor, NVD
Affected product
ES
esp-idf
espressif
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66409
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-66409
Patch
https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/075ed218cadb8088155521cd8a795d8a626519fb
Patch
https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/2f788e59ee361eee230879ae2ec9cf5c893fe372
Patch
https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/798029129a71c802cff0e75eb59f902bca8f1946
Patch
https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/999710fccf95ae128fe51b5679d6b7c75c50d902
Patch
https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/d5db5f60fc1dcfdd8cd3ee898fdefaa272988ace
Patch
https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/daeeba230327176b9627b1caa94acdc54065c4b7
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