Medium severity · published Aug 9, 2025
CVE-2025-54998
OpenBao Userpass and LDAP User Lockout Bypass
5.3
CVSS
0.2%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
OpenBao exists to provide a software solution to manage, store, and distribute sensitive data including secrets, certificates, and keys. In versions 0.1.0 through 2.3.1, attackers could bypass the automatic user lockout mechanisms in the OpenBao Userpass or LDAP auth systems. This was caused by different aliasing between pre-flight and full login request user entity alias attributions. This is fixed in version 2.3.2. To work around this issue, existing users may apply rate-limiting quotas on the authentication endpoints:, see https://openbao.org/api-docs/system/rate-limit-quotas/.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
Low
Availability
None
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.2% · higher than 12% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
OP
openbao · openbao
>= 0.1.0, < 2.3.2 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54998
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-54998
Not Applicable
https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2025-16-vault-userpass-and-ldap-user-lockout-bypass/76035
Patch
https://github.com/openbao/openbao/commit/c52795c1ef746c7f2c510f9225aa8ccbbd44f9fc
Vendor Advisory
https://github.com/openbao/openbao/security/advisories/GHSA-j3xv-7fxp-gfhx
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