High severity · published Aug 16, 2025
CVE-2025-38502
bpf: Fix oob access in cgroup local storage
7.1
CVSS
0.2%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix oob access in cgroup local storage Lonial reported that an out-of-bounds access in cgroup local storage can be crafted via tail calls. Given two programs each utilizing a cgroup local storage with a different value size, and one program doing a tail call into the other. The verifier will validate each of the indivial programs just fine. However, in the runtime context the bpf_cg_run_ctx holds an bpf_prog_array_item which contains the BPF program as well as any cgroup local storage flavor the program uses. Helpers such as bpf_get_local_storage() pick this up from the runtime context: ctx = container_of(current->bpf_ctx, struct bpf_cg_run_ctx, run_ctx); storage = ctx->prog_item->cgroup_storage[stype]; if (stype == BPF_CGROUP_STORAGE_SHARED) ptr = &READ_ONCE(storage->buf)->data[0]; else ptr = this_cpu_ptr(storage->percpu_buf); For the second program which was called from the originally attached one, this means bpf_get_local_storage() will pick up the former program's map, not its own. With mismatching sizes, this can result in an unintended out-of-bounds access. To fix this issue, we need to extend bpf_map_owner with an array of storage_cookie[] to match on i) the exact maps from the original program if the second program was using bpf_get_local_storage(), or ii) allow the tail call combination if the second program was not using any of the cgroup local storage maps.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
Attack vector
Local
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.2% · higher than 7% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
KE
Kernel · Linux
5.9 before 5.15.192; 5.16 before 6.1.151; 6.2 before 6.6.105; 6.7 before 6.12.46; 6.13 before 6.16.1 · source: NVD
LI
Linux · Linux
7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0 before c1c74584b9b4043c52e41fec415226e582d266a3; 7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0 before 66da7cee78590259b400e51a70622ccd41da7bb2; 7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0 before 7acfa07c585e3d7a64654d38f0a5c762877d0b9b; 7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0 before 41688d1fc5d163a6c2c0e95c0419e2cb31a44648; 7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0 before 19341d5c59e8c7e8528e40f8663e99d67810473c; 7d9c3427894fe70d1347b4820476bf37736d2ff0 before abad3d0bad72a52137e0c350c59542d75ae4f513; +1 more · source: vendor
DL
Debian Linux · Debian
11.0 · source: NVD
SC
Simatic CN 4100 Firmware · Siemens
before 5.0 · source: NVD
SC
SIMATIC CN 4100 · Siemens
before V5.0 · source: CISA