Medium severity · published Apr 9, 2025
CVE-2025-32381
Denial of Service by abusing xgrammar unbounded cache in memory
6.5
CVSS
0.5%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
XGrammar is an open-source library for efficient, flexible, and portable structured generation. Prior to 0.1.18, Xgrammar includes a cache for compiled grammars to increase performance with repeated use of the same grammar. This cache is held in memory. Since the cache is unbounded, a system making use of xgrammar can be abused to fill up a host's memory and case a denial of service. For example, sending many small requests to an LLM inference server with unique JSON schemas would eventually cause this denial of service to occur. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.1.18.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
Low
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.5% · higher than 43% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
XG
xgrammar · mlc-ai
< 0.1.18 · source: vendor, NVD
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32381
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-32381
Issue Tracking
https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/pull/243
Vendor Advisory
https://github.com/mlc-ai/xgrammar/security/advisories/GHSA-389x-67px-mjg3
Issue Tracking
https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/16283
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