Medium severity · published Mar 19, 2025
CVE-2025-30144
Fast-JWT Improperly Validates iss Claims
6.5
CVSS
0.6%
EPSS
No
On KEV
Description
fast-jwt provides fast JSON Web Token (JWT) implementation. Prior to 5.0.6, the fast-jwt library does not properly validate the iss claim based on the RFC 7519. The iss (issuer) claim validation within the fast-jwt library permits an array of strings as a valid iss value. This design flaw enables a potential attack where a malicious actor crafts a JWT with an iss claim structured as ['https://attacker-domain/', 'https://valid-iss']. Due to the permissive validation, the JWT will be deemed valid. Furthermore, if the application relies on external libraries like get-jwks that do not independently validate the iss claim, the attacker can leverage this vulnerability to forge a JWT that will be accepted by the victim application. Essentially, the attacker can insert their own domain into the iss array, alongside the legitimate issuer, and bypass the intended security checks. This issue is fixed in 5.0.6.
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
High
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
Low
Integrity
High
Availability
None
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)0.6% · higher than 48% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildNo evidence yet
CISA KEVNot listed
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
FA
fast-jwt · nearform
< 5.0.6 · source: vendor
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30144
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30144
datatracker.ietf.org
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc7519#page-9
github.com
https://github.com/nearform/fast-jwt/commit/cc26b1d473f900446ad846f8f0b10eb1c0adcbdd
github.com
https://github.com/nearform/fast-jwt/security/advisories/GHSA-gm45-q3v2-6cf8
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