Critical severity · published Mar 4, 2020
CVE-2020-9054
ZyXEL NAS products running firmware version 5.21 and earlier are vulnerable to pre-authentication command injection in weblogin.cgi
In wildKEV
9.8
CVSS
100%
EPSS
Yes
On KEV
Description
Multiple ZyXEL network-attached storage (NAS) devices running firmware version 5.21 contain a pre-authentication command injection vulnerability, which may allow a remote, unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code on a vulnerable device. ZyXEL NAS devices achieve authentication by using the weblogin.cgi CGI executable. This program fails to properly sanitize the username parameter that is passed to it. If the username parameter contains certain characters, it can allow command injection with the privileges of the web server that runs on the ZyXEL device. Although the web server does not run as the root user, ZyXEL devices include a setuid utility that can be leveraged to run any command with root privileges. As such, it should be assumed that exploitation of this vulnerability can lead to remote code execution with root privileges. By sending a specially-crafted HTTP POST or GET request to a vulnerable ZyXEL device, a remote, unauthenticated attacker may be able to execute arbitrary code on the device. This may happen by directly connecting to a device if it is directly exposed to an attacker. However, there are ways to trigger such crafted requests even if an attacker does not have direct connectivity to a vulnerable devices. For example, simply visiting a website can result in the compromise of any ZyXEL device that is reachable from the client system. Affected products include: NAS326 before firmware V5.21(AAZF.7)C0 NAS520 before firmware V5.21(AASZ.3)C0 NAS540 before firmware V5.21(AATB.4)C0 NAS542 before firmware V5.21(ABAG.4)C0 ZyXEL has made firmware updates available for NAS326, NAS520, NAS540, and NAS542 devices. Affected models that are end-of-support: NSA210, NSA220, NSA220+, NSA221, NSA310, NSA310S, NSA320, NSA320S, NSA325 and NSA325v2
CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Attack vector
Network
Complexity
Low
Privileges
None
User interaction
None
Confidentiality
High
Integrity
High
Availability
High
Scope
Unchanged
Exploitation
Is it being used?
Exploit prediction (EPSS)100.0% · higher than 100% of CVEs
Exploited in the wildYes
CISA KEVListed Mar 25, 2022
Federal remediation dueApr 15, 2022
Ransomware campaign useNot known
Affected products
Which versions
NA
NAS326 · ZyXEL
V5.21(AAZF.7)C0 through V5.21(AAZF.7)C0 · source: vendor
NA
NAS520 · ZyXEL
V5.21(AASZ.3)C0 through V5.21(AASZ.3)C0 · source: vendor
NA
NAS540 · ZyXEL
V5.21(AATB.4)C0 through V5.21(AATB.4)C0 · source: vendor
NA
NAS542 · ZyXEL
V5.21(ABAG.4)C0 through V5.21(ABAG.4)C0 · source: vendor
NS
NSA210 · ZyXEL
All versions, or not specified · source: vendor
NS
NSA220 · ZyXEL
All versions, or not specified · source: vendor
NS
NSA220+ · ZyXEL
All versions, or not specified · source: vendor
NS
NSA221 · ZyXEL
All versions, or not specified · source: vendor
NS
NSA310 · ZyXEL
V4.75(AALH.2)C0 through V4.75(AALH.2)C0 · source: vendor
NS
NSA320 · ZyXEL
All versions, or not specified · source: vendor
NS
NSA320S · ZyXEL
V4.75(AANV.2)C0 through V4.75(AANV.2)C0 · source: vendor
NS
NSA325 · ZyXEL
V4.81(AAAJ.1)C0 through V4.81(AAAJ.1)C0 · source: vendor
References
NVD
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-9054
CVE.org
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-9054
CISA KEV catalogue
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog
x_refsource_MISC
https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/78.html
x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://www.zyxel.com/support/remote-code-execution-vulnerability-of-NAS-products.shtml
third-party-advisory
https://kb.cert.org/vuls/id/498544/
x_refsource_MISC
https://kb.cert.org/artifacts/cve-2020-9054.html
x_refsource_MISC
https://krebsonsecurity.com/2020/02/zyxel-fixes-0day-in-network-storage-devices/
